socket.c文件
所有我自己的注释理解都是汉字，绝大部分前面都有zzy，是为了和原来作者的注释区分开
/* $Id: socket.c 1.1 1995/01/01 07:11:14 cthuang Exp $
*
* This module has been modified by Radim Kolar for OS/2 emx
*/
/***********************************************************************
module: socket.c
program: popclient
SCCS ID: @(#)socket.c 1.5 4/1/94
programmer: Virginia Tech Computing Center
compiler: DEC RISC C compiler (Ultrix 4.1)
environment: DEC Ultrix 4.3
description: UNIX sockets code.
***********************************************************************/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
int Socket(const char *host, int clientPort)
{
int sock;
unsigned long inaddr;
struct sockaddr_in ad;
struct hostent *hp;
memset(&ad, 0, sizeof(ad));
ad.sin_family = AF_INET;
inaddr = inet_addr(host);
if (inaddr != INADDR_NONE)
//zzy:直接赋值
memcpy(&ad.sin_addr, &inaddr, sizeof(inaddr));
else
{
//zzy:https://www.cnblogs.com/cxz2009/archive/2010/11/19/1881611.html函数解释
hp = gethostbyname(host);
if (hp == NULL)
return -1;
memcpy(&ad.sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length);
}
ad.sin_port = htons(clientPort);
sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sock < 0)
return sock;
if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&ad, sizeof(ad)) < 0)
return -1;
return sock;
}
webbench.c文件
/*
* (C) Radim Kolar 1997-2004
* This is free software, see GNU Public License version 2 for
* details.
*
* Simple forking WWW Server benchmark:
*
* Usage:
* webbench --help
*
* Return codes:
* 0 - sucess
* 1 - benchmark failed (server is not on-line)
* 2 - bad param
* 3 - internal error, fork failed
*
*/
#include "socket.c"
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <rpc/types.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <signal.h>
/* values */
//zzy:timerexpired用作是否超时的标志0表示没有超时,1表示超时
volatile int timerexpired=0;
//zzy:speed,failed,bytes 为了方便benchcore的使用，因此设置成全局变量
int speed=0;
int failed=0;
int bytes=0;
/* globals */
int http10=1; /* 0 - http/0.9, 1 - http/1.0, 2 - http/1.1 */
/* Allow: GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, TRACE */
#define METHOD_GET 0
#define METHOD_HEAD 1
#define METHOD_OPTIONS 2
#define METHOD_TRACE 3
#define PROGRAM_VERSION "1.5"
int method=METHOD_GET;
int clients=1;
//zzy:force和force_load为0表示需要接收到http的响应包,1表示不需要接收
int force=0;
int force_reload=0;
int proxyport=80;
char *proxyhost=NULL;
//zzy:默认benchtime
int benchtime=30;
/* internal */
int mypipe[2];
//zzy:MAXHOSTNAMELENDE的值我没有查到明确的答案
char host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
#define REQUEST_SIZE 2048
char request[REQUEST_SIZE];
//zzy:struct option解释:http://blog.csdn.net/zhuziyu1157817544/article/details/78822247
static const struct option long_options[]=
{
//zzy:请注意，凡是不是0的第三个参数,都指向第四个参数,也就是赋值
{"force",no_argument,&force,1},
{"reload",no_argument,&force_reload,1},
{"time",required_argument,NULL,'t'},
{"help",no_argument,NULL,'?'},
{"http09",no_argument,NULL,'9'},
{"http10",no_argument,NULL,'1'},
{"http11",no_argument,NULL,'2'},
{"get",no_argument,&method,METHOD_GET},
{"head",no_argument,&method,METHOD_HEAD},
{"options",no_argument,&method,METHOD_OPTIONS},
{"trace",no_argument,&method,METHOD_TRACE},
{"version",no_argument,NULL,'V'},
{"proxy",required_argument,NULL,'p'},
{"clients",required_argument,NULL,'c'},
{NULL,0,NULL,0}
};
/* prototypes */
static void benchcore(const char* host,const int port, const char *request);
static int bench(void);
static void build_request(const char *url);
//zzy:SIGALRM信号处理函数
static void alarm_handler(int signal)
{
timerexpired=1;
}
//zzy:用户使用说明函数
static void usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"webbench [option]... URL\n"
" -f|--force Don't wait for reply from server.\n"
" -r|--reload Send reload request - Pragma: no-cache.\n"
" -t|--time <sec> Run benchmark for <sec> seconds. Default 30.\n"
" -p|--proxy <server:port> Use proxy server for request.\n"
" -c|--clients <n> Run <n> HTTP clients at once. Default one.\n"
" -9|--http09 Use HTTP/0.9 style requests.\n"
" -1|--http10 Use HTTP/1.0 protocol.\n"
" -2|--http11 Use HTTP/1.1 protocol.\n"
" --get Use GET request method.\n"
" --head Use HEAD request method.\n"
" --options Use OPTIONS request method.\n"
" --trace Use TRACE request method.\n"
" -?|-h|--help This information.\n"
" -V|--version Display program version.\n"
);
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int opt=0;
int options_index=0;
char *tmp=NULL;
if(argc==1)
{
usage();
return 2;
}
//zzy:函数解释:http://blog.csdn.net/zhuziyu1157817544/article/details/78822247
while((opt=getopt_long(argc,argv,"912Vfrt:p:c:?h",long_options,&options_index))!=EOF )
{
switch(opt){
case 0 : break;
case 'f': force=1;break;
case 'r': force_reload=1;break;
case '9': http10=0;break;
case '1': http10=1;break;
case '2': http10=2;break;
case 'V': printf(PROGRAM_VERSION"\n");exit(0);
case 't': benchtime=atoi(optarg);break;
case 'p':
//zzy:分解url为ip和port两部分
/*proxy server parsing server:port */
//zzy:strchr函数http://blog.csdn.net/tommy_wxie/article/details/7554263
tmp=strrchr(optarg,':');
proxyhost=optarg;
if(tmp==NULL){
break;
}
//zzy:没有ip的情况
if(tmp==optarg){
fprintf(stderr,"Error in option --proxy %s: Missing hostname.\n",optarg);
return 2;
}
//zzy:没有端口的情况
if(tmp==optarg+strlen(optarg)-1){
fprintf(stderr,"Error in option --proxy %s Port number is missing.\n",optarg);
return 2;
}
*tmp='\0';
proxyport=atoi(tmp+1);break;
case ':':
case 'h':
case '?': usage();return 2;break;
//zzy:确定client即确定子进程个数
case 'c': clients=atoi(optarg);break;
}
}
//zzy:optind==argc代表输入参数中没有要测试的URL
//zzy:正常情况下optind = argc -1才对
if(optind==argc) {
fprintf(stderr,"webbench: Missing URL!\n");
usage();
return 2;
}
if(clients==0) clients=1;
if(benchtime==0) benchtime=60;
/*Copyright */
fprintf(stderr,"Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark "PROGRAM_VERSION"\n"
"Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.\n"
);
//zzy:创建http请求包
build_request(argv[optind]);
/*print bench info */
printf("\nBenchmarking: ");
switch(method){
case METHOD_GET:
default:
printf("GET");break;
case METHOD_OPTIONS:
printf("OPTIONS");break;
case METHOD_HEAD:
printf("HEAD");break;
case METHOD_TRACE:
printf("TRACE");break;
}
printf(" %s",argv[optind]);
switch(http10){
case 0: printf(" (using HTTP/0.9)");break;
case 2: printf(" (using HTTP/1.1)");break;
}
printf("\n");
if(clients==1) printf("1 client");
else
printf("%d clients",clients);
printf(", running %d sec", benchtime);
if(force) printf(", early socket close");
if(proxyhost!=NULL) printf(", via proxy server %s:%d",proxyhost,proxyport);
if(force_reload) printf(", forcing reload");
printf(".\n");
//zzy:以上此等打印信息都是检查参数有没有被正确解析
//zzy:下面的bench是开始进行压力测试
return bench();
}
void build_request(const char *url)
{
char tmp[10];
int i;
bzero(host,MAXHOSTNAMELEN);
bzero(request,REQUEST_SIZE);
/*zzy:针对强关不接受响应包的情况下
* 当没有使用代理服务器并且用http0.9协议(默认就是0.9) 改成1.0协议使用
*/
if(force_reload && proxyhost!=NULL && http10<1) http10=1;
/*zzy:涉及参数有输入请求类型的时候
* http请求类型介绍:https://www.cnblogs.com/liangxiaofeng/p/5798607.html
* 此段是为了确定最终的请求包的http版本
* */
if(method==METHOD_HEAD && http10<1) http10=1;
if(method==METHOD_OPTIONS && http10<2) http10=2;
if(method==METHOD_TRACE && http10<2) http10=2;
//zzy:构建http包的请求类型
switch(method){
default:
case METHOD_GET: strcpy(request,"GET");break;
case METHOD_HEAD: strcpy(request,"HEAD");break;
case METHOD_OPTIONS: strcpy(request,"OPTIONS");break;
case METHOD_TRACE: strcpy(request,"TRACE");break;
}
//zzy:根据http包的格式,此处应有空格,然后才能追加url
strcat(request," ");
//以下两个if语句监测url是否规范
if(NULL==strstr(url,"://"))
{
fprintf(stderr, "\n%s: is not a valid URL.\n",url);
exit(2);
}
if(strlen(url)>1500)
{
fprintf(stderr,"URL is too long.\n");
exit(2);
}
if(proxyhost==NULL)
//url头必须是http://开头
if (0!=strncasecmp("http://",url,7))
{ fprintf(stderr,"\nOnly HTTP protocol is directly supported, set --proxy for others.\n");
exit(2);
}
/*protocol/host delimiter */
//zzy:确定http://后面的第一个位置,比如http://www.baidu.com中的第一个w的位置
i=strstr(url,"://")-url+3;
/*printf("%d\n",i); */
//zzy:检查url有没有一个字符/，要求必须至少一个/且不能在url+i的位置
if(strchr(url+i,'/')==NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,"\nInvalid URL syntax - hostname don't ends with '/'.\n");
exit(2);
}
if(proxyhost==NULL)
{
/* get port from hostname */
if(index(url+i,':')!=NULL &&index(url+i,':')<index(url+i,'/'))
{
strncpy(host,url+i,strchr(url+i,':')-url-i);
bzero(tmp,10);
strncpy(tmp,index(url+i,':')+1,strchr(url+i,'/')-index(url+i,':')-1);
/* printf("tmp=%s\n",tmp); */
proxyport=atoi(tmp);
if(proxyport==0) proxyport=80;
}
else
{
strncpy(host,url+i,strcspn(url+i,"/"));
}
// printf("Host=%s\n",host);
strcat(request+strlen(request),url+i+strcspn(url+i,"/"));
}
else
{
//printf("ProxyHost=%s\nProxyPort=%d\n",proxyhost,proxyport);
strcat(request,url);
}
//zzy:执行到此出已经构建了http请求行的第二部分
if(http10==1)
strcat(request," HTTP/1.0");
else if (http10==2)
strcat(request," HTTP/1.1");
strcat(request,"\r\n");
//zzy:执行到此出时候,http请求行构建完成
if(http10>0) strcat(request,"User-Agent: WebBench "PROGRAM_VERSION"\r\n");
//zzy:以下1234个if是为了构建http请求头
//zzy:请求头介绍:http://www.cnblogs.com/zcy_soft/archive/2012/03/05/2380595.html
if(proxyhost==NULL && http10>0)
{
strcat(request,"Host: ");
strcat(request,host);
strcat(request,"\r\n");
}
if(force_reload && proxyhost!=NULL)
{
strcat(request,"Pragma: no-cache\r\n");
}
if(http10>1)
strcat(request,"Connection: close\r\n");
/* add empty line at end */
if(http10>0) strcat(request,"\r\n");
// printf("Req=%s\n",request);
}
/* vraci system rc error kod */
static int bench(void)
{
//zzy:个人觉得这个ijk不太好,ijk是为了父进程以后从文件流中读出子进程所给的speed,fail和bytes而设定的
int i,j,k;
pid_t pid=0;
FILE *f;
/*check avaibility of target server */
i=Socket(proxyhost==NULL?host:proxyhost,proxyport);
if(i<0) {
fprintf(stderr,"\nConnect to server failed. Aborting benchmark.\n");
return 1;
}
close(i);
/*create pipe */
//zzy:通信使用,就是子进程发送本分支压力测试的结果给父进程，父进程接收读结果的一个通信
if(pipe(mypipe))
{
perror("pipe failed.");
return 3;
}
/* not needed, since we have alarm() in childrens */
/* wait 4 next system clock tick */
/*
cas=time(NULL);
while(time(NULL)==cas)sched_yield();
*/
/* fork childs */
for(i=0;i<clients;i++)
{
pid=fork();
if(pid <= (pid_t) 0)
{
/*child process or error*/
sleep(1); /* make childs faster */
break;
}
}
if( pid< (pid_t) 0)
{
fprintf(stderr,"problems forking worker no. %d\n",i);
perror("fork failed.");
return 3;
}
//zzy:子进程的任务如下
if(pid== (pid_t) 0)
{
/* I am a child */
//zzy:有代理测代理，没有代理测一般普通的那种url
if(proxyhost==NULL)
benchcore(host,proxyport,request);
else
benchcore(proxyhost,proxyport,request);
/* write results to pipe */
f=fdopen(mypipe[1],"w");
if(f==NULL)
{
perror("open pipe for writing failed.");
return 3;
}
/* fprintf(stderr,"Child - %d %d\n",speed,failed); */
//zzy:测试结果给父进程,然后本分支进程测试结束
fprintf(f,"%d %d %d\n",speed,failed,bytes);
fclose(f);
return 0;
}
else
{
f=fdopen(mypipe[0],"r");
if(f==NULL)
{
perror("open pipe for reading failed.");
return 3;
}
setvbuf(f,NULL,_IONBF,0);
speed=0;
failed=0;
bytes=0;
while(1)
{
/*zzy:我感觉是所有的写都写完了也就是fscanf会自动阻塞直到所有写的fp关闭它才会读，
*要不然多进程对同一个流操作,不用锁,很容易数据错乱,
*而且如果是实时读，那么当fscanf发现目前没有数据,
*也就是本次数据没有到来,而并不意味这子进程结束,
*也就是子进程可能还在recvbuf或者怎样的时候,
*本次EOF fscanf意味着循环结束,
*那么工作中的子进程没有办法给父进程传数据了,
*但是我没有找到相关的信息.当然我的锅,我没有阅读过fscanf源码
*同理,fprintf也自带阻塞,不然也会数据错乱
*/
pid=fscanf(f,"%d %d %d",&i,&j,&k);
//出错或者到头了就
if(pid<2)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Some of our childrens died.\n");
break;
}
//zzy:父进程作为主干，总和各分支的情况
speed+=i;
failed+=j;
bytes+=k;
/*fprintf(stderr,"*Knock* %d %d read=%d\n",speed,failed,pid); */
if(--clients==0) break;
}
fclose(f);
//zzy:打印总和信息
printf("\nSpeed=%d pages/min, %d bytes/sec.\nRequests: %d susceed, %d failed.\n",
(int)((speed+failed)/(benchtime/60.0f)),
(int)(bytes/(float)benchtime),
speed,
failed);
}
return i;
}
void benchcore(const char *host,const int port,const char *req)
{
int rlen;
char buf[1500];
int s,i;
struct sigaction sa;
/*setup alarm signal handler */
sa.sa_handler=alarm_handler;
sa.sa_flags=0;
if(sigaction(SIGALRM,&sa,NULL)) exit(3);
//zzy:alarm解释:https://typecodes.com/linux/linuxalarmknockfunc.html
alarm(benchtime);
rlen=strlen(req);
nexttry:
while(1)
{
//zzy:如果超时,就不给那个网站发数据了,也就是本分支的测试任务已经完成
if(timerexpired)
{
if(failed>0)
{
/*fprintf(stderr,"Correcting failed by signal\n"); */
failed--;
}
return;
}
s=Socket(host,port);
//zzy:以下是各种发送出错情况
if(s<0) { failed++;continue;}
if(rlen!=write(s,req,rlen)) {failed++;close(s);continue;}
if(http10==0)
if(shutdown(s,1)) { failed++;close(s);continue;}
//涉及到接收http响应包
if(force==0)
{
/*read all available data from socket */
while(1)
{
if(timerexpired) break;
i=read(s,buf,1500);
/*fprintf(stderr,"%d\n",i); */
if(i<0)
{
failed++;
close(s);
//zzy:读失败了无所谓,进行下一次压力发送即可
goto nexttry;
}
else if(i==0) break;
//zzy:这里的bytes代表本分支一共接收到的bytes数量
else bytes+=i;
}
}
if(close(s)) {failed++;continue;}
speed++;
}
}